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Musical Culture of France after the bourgeois-democratic revolution of 1848 was different variegated variety of phenomena in all areas of public life music. There is still the center of artistic and intellectual life of the country remained in Paris and the major, major trends of French musical culture in all affected brightness in Paris - one of the most brilliant capitals of the world.
The complexity and diversity of the phenomena of musical culture in Paris of the second half of XIX century is primarily determined by the complexity and contradictions of social and historical situation in France of this period. The February Revolution of 1848 overthrew the monarchy of the July. The government is headed the French Republic for three years (1848-1851), was basically a bourgeois. Brutal suppression of the proletariat, has been actively speaking with their requirements mi, raging white terror, the reactionary policy of the government - all this has paved the way for the so-called Bonaparte’s coup.
As a result of a coup in December 1851, all power, without restrictions was transmitted to the president, and a year later - December 2, 1852 - France was officially proclaimed an empire headed by Louis Bonaparte - an adventurer who called himself Napoleon III. The Second Empire in France was a period of flagrant contrast to the life of the country: at one extreme - unprecedented enrichment of the big bourgeoisie, on the other - the extreme impoverishment of the working masses. The rapid development of capitalism, the enormous concentration of wealth in few hands, the expansion of large banks that are supported by the imperial court - all this is reflected in the appearance of the country, particularly the capital. Ceremonial splendor of Paris stunned: Rapidly destroyed the old narrow streets, the rest of the Middle Ages, and in their place were built wide avenues beautiful, the ring was laid Grands Boulevards, built new palaces, railway stations, luxury shops, parks and gardens. All this was intended to raise the prestige of the ostentatious splendor of France and make Paris the world capital, trendsetter, a center of financial speculation and light entertainment. |